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The Best Antidepressants and How to Find the Right Medication For You

antidepressants

Depression affects around 280 million people worldwide. It is one of the most common mental health issues, along with anxiety. Treatment for depression can include therapy, coping skills, support systems, and medication. 

Medication for depression is known as antidepressants. There are five groups of antidepressants and dozens of types of antidepressants to choose from. Each depression medication will fit a different need. Antidepressants can have mild to severe side effects, and it can take some trial and error to find the right one for you. 

Always consult a doctor or psychiatrist before taking antidepressants. Antidepressants can be dangerous if mixed with other drugs or vitamins. Do not stop or start antidepressants unless under the supervision of a medical professional. 

Read about Lifebulb’s psychiatry services here. 

What are antidepressants?

Antidepressants are medications to take for depression. They are an effective way to treat depression, but like any treatment, results will vary. In general, researchers find that antidepressants are more effective on moderate to severe depression than mild depression, which is better treated through a combination of talk therapy and coping skills.

One of the primary causes of depression is chemical imbalances in the brain, primarily imbalances in serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine. These brain chemicals help regulate mood and are the “feel good” hormones. When they are out of balance, mood disorders such as anxiety and depression can occur. Many things can knock these chemicals off balance and cause depression, including genetics, trauma, and chronic stress. 

Types of antidepressants

There are five types of antidepressants. Although all have been researched and proven effective in treating depression, each has a different approach that may be more or less suited to your needs. 

  1. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs): Often the first choice for antidepressant medications, SSRIs work by raising the amount of serotonin, a chemical that helps regulate mood. People with depression often have lower levels of serotonin. SSRIs take around 2 weeks to start working, and it can take up to 8 weeks to feel its effects. Common SSRIs include Lexapro, Celexa, Prozac, and Zoloft. 
  2. Serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs)This is a good option for people who struggle with fatigue and alertness due to depression. SNRIs work to increase both serotonin and norepinephrine, which is a brain chemical that boosts alertness and focus. Common SNRIs include Pristiq, Cymbalta, and Effexor. 
  3. Atypical antidepressantsThese are depression meds that don’t fit into any other category. Some are commonly used to treat comorbid disorders (such as depression and anxiety or depression and insomnia), but it is a case by case basis. Atypical antidepressants include Wellbutrin, Desyrel (good for insomnia and depression), and Spravato (good if other antidepressants have not worked). 
  4. Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)These are usually not the first prescribed because they have more severe side effects, however, they can treat depression in people who have severe depression in which other medications are ineffective. Common TCAs include Norpramin and Pamelor. 
  5. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)MAOIs are not typically recommended because they can have severe side effects and require heavy dietary restrictions. However, they are effective at treating treatment-resistant depression and are often used as a last resort. They work by blocking the protein monoamine oxidase, whose job is to break down serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine (all feel good chemicals). By blocking the protein, those brain chemicals are able to build up. 

The best type of antidepressant for you will depend on the type of depression you are experiencing, the severity of depression, any other medication you are taking, and your personal brain chemistry. Talk with a psychiatrist to find the right antidepressant for you. 

What is the best antidepressant?

Researchers believe there is no single best antidepressant. Most people will start with an SSRI or SNRI, and move up to more severe medications if necessary. The best antidepressant for you will depend on your symptoms, reactions to potential side effects, and severity of depression. 

Most common antidepressants

The most common antidepressants are SSRIs or SNRIs that include:

  • Zoloft
  • Trazadone
  • Prozac
  • Cymbalta
  • Lexapro

These are the medications that a psychiatrist will likely start you on.

Antidepressants that give you energy:

SNRIs are a good option for people who struggle with the fatigue part of depression because they increase norepinephrine, which is a brain chemical that increases alertness and focus.

SNRIs are also a good option for people with comorbid ADHD and depression, and can, in some cases, be a substitute for stimulant medications.

What is the hardest antidepressant to come off of?

If you are taking antidepressants you should never stop taking them without the guidance of a medical doctor or psychiatrist, as the withdrawal symptoms can be dangerous. 

All antidepressants will likely have some withdrawal symptoms. SSRIs and SNRIs are more likely to have withdrawal symptoms. The most likely to cause withdrawal symptoms include:

  • Desvenlafaxine (Khedezla, Pristiq)
  • Fluvoxamine (Luvox)
  • Paroxetine (Paxil, Pexeva)
  • Venlafaxine (Effexor)

However, any antidepressant could cause withdrawal. Talk with your doctor before stopping antidepressants. 

Side effects of antidepressants

It’s important to understand the side effects of your antidepressant before you start taking them. Every medicine will have different side effects, and different side effects may occur if you are taking other medication. 

Common side effects in antidepressants include:

  1. Nausea: Feeling queasy or experiencing an upset stomach, especially during the initial weeks of taking the medication.
  2. Insomnia or drowsiness: Some people may have difficulty falling asleep while others may feel more tired than usual.
  3. Weight changes: This can involve either weight loss or weight gain.
  4. Low libido: Changes in libido, arousal, or sexual performance may occur.
  5. Dry mouth: Feeling thirsty or having an unusually dry mouth.
  6. Headaches: Some individuals may experience headaches or migraines as a result of the medication.
  7. Anxiety or restlessness: In some cases, antidepressants can initially increase feelings of anxiety or cause restlessness.
  8. Dizziness: Feeling lightheaded or dizzy, especially when standing up quickly.
  9. Sweating: Experiencing increased sweating, especially at night.
  10. Gastrointestinal problems: This can include diarrhea or constipation.

If you experience side effects that are interfering with your quality of life, talk with your doctor about switching your antidepressant. 

In general, SSRIs and SNRIs are the most well-tolerated with the least amount of side effects. However, every person’s experience with antidepressants is different. It may take some trial and error to find the right one for you.

Other treatments for depression

The best treatment for depression is a combined approach, utilizing antidepressants, coping mechanisms, and therapy. All three have been proven to be effective at treating depression, and most people get the most benefit when they begin combining approaches. 

Traditional psychotherapy isn’t the only form of therapy for depression. EMDR, Inter-Family Systems, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, Strengths-Based, and more are up-and-coming fields of therapy that have proven effective against depression. 

If you’ve tried therapy or antidepressants in the past without much luck, talk to a psychiatrist or therapist about your experience. They may be able to help you understand why previous treatment didn’t work and build an effective treatment plan for your needs. 

To be matched with an online, affordable therapist today, call Lifebulb. You can also browse our list of depression therapists near you to choose a licensed therapist yourself. We also have psychiatrists in New Jersey and Virginia who can prescribe and manage antidepressants. 

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Frequently Asked Questions

Antidepressants can take several weeks to show their full effects. While some individuals may notice improvements in symptoms within a few days, it often takes around 4-6 weeks to feel the maximum benefits. It's essential to be patient and consistent with your medication as you work with your healthcare provider to find the right treatment plan for you.

Common side effects of antidepressants can include nausea, insomnia or drowsiness, weight changes, sexual dysfunction, dry mouth, headaches, anxiety, dizziness, sweating, and gastrointestinal issues. It's important to discuss any side effects with your healthcare provider to determine the best course of action and support for managing them effectively.

No. It is not recommended to stop taking antidepressants suddenly. Abruptly discontinuing your medication can lead to withdrawal symptoms and a potential return of depressive symptoms. It's crucial to work closely with your healthcare provider to create a safe tapering plan when considering stopping antidepressants.

If you feel like your antidepressants are no longer as effective, it's important to speak with your healthcare provider. They can reassess your treatment plan, adjust your dosage, switch to a different medication, or explore additional therapeutic options to address your current needs. Open communication with your healthcare provider is key to finding the right solution for you.

No. Mixing alcohol with antidepressants can increase the risk of adverse effects and decrease the effectiveness of the medication. It's advisable to avoid or limit alcohol consumption while taking antidepressants to ensure your safety and optimize the treatment's benefits for your mental health.

Antidepressants are not typically addictive in the same way as substances like alcohol or drugs. However, some individuals may experience withdrawal symptoms when stopping certain antidepressants abruptly. It's crucial to follow your healthcare provider's guidance on tapering off antidepressants to minimize the risk of withdrawal effects. 

The cost of antidepressants can vary depending on the medication, dosage, insurance coverage, and pharmacy. Some generic antidepressants can be more affordable, while brand-name options may be pricier. It's advisable to explore different options, including discussing cost concerns with your healthcare provider or pharmacist, to find a medication that is both effective and financially manageable for you. Most insurance companies will cover the cost of antidepressants, so the cost is between $10-30.

If you experience suicidal thoughts while taking antidepressants, it's crucial to seek help immediately. Contact your healthcare provider, a crisis helpline, or go to the nearest emergency room for support. Your safety is paramount, and there are resources available to assist you in managing these thoughts and finding the appropriate care to address your mental health needs. Remember, you are not alone, and help is always available for you during challenging times.

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